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Alachua County Official Record



Talons and Teeth: County Clerks and Runners in the Qing Dynasty by Bradly Ward Reed,

Talons and Teeth: County Clerks and Runners in the Qing Dynasty by Bradly Ward Reed,
For commoners in the Qing dynasty, the most salient agents of the imperial state were not the emperor's appointed officials but rather the clerks and runners of the county yamen, the lowest level of functionaries in the Qing state's administrative hierarchy. Yet until now we have known very little about these critically important persons beyond the caricatured portrayals of corruption and venality left by Qing high officials and elites. Drawing from the rich archival records of Ba county, Sichuan, the author challenges the simplicity of these portrayals by taking us inside the county yamen to provide the first detailed look at local administrative practice from the perspective of those who actually carried it out. Who were the county clerks and runners? How were they recruited, organized, disciplined, and rewarded? What was the economic basis for a career in the yamen? How did clerks and runners view themselves as well as legitimize their role in Qing government? And what impact did their interests and practices have on symbolically laden elements of imperial government such as the magistrate's court? In addressing these questions, the author traverses the disjuncture between statutory regulations and the realities of daily administrative practice, uncovering a realm of informal, semiautonomous, yet highly structured and even rationalized procedures. Although frequently in violation of formal law, this extrastatutory system nevertheless remained an irreducible component of local government under the Qing. Recognizing the centrality of such informal practice to yamen administration forces us to rethink not only traditional assumptions concerning local corruption in the Qing, but alsothe ways in which we conceptualize the boundaries between state and society in late imperial China.



Salem and Roanoke County in Vintage Postcards
Salem and Roanoke County in Vintage Postcards
In 1800, James Simpson, a Botetourt County landowner, purchased 31 acres of land for $100 and dedicated half of the purchase to plotting a new town. The Town of Salem was officially established when Simpson recorded his ownership at Fincastle Courthouse in October 1802, and it later became the government seat when Roanoke County was carved from Botetourt County in 1838. Today, Salem is an independent city, boasting a rich tradition of educational, commercial, and residential success. Roanoke County, like Salem, has emerged from its agrarian past to become a suburban county that embraces the beauty of the Blue Ridge Mountains, as well as the strength and success of corporate centers and residential communities.



Valley City Times-Record - The Valley City Times-Record is a daily newspaper printed in Valley City, North Dakota. The Times-Record is the official newspaper of Barnes County, North Dakota, and has a modest circulation in southeast North Dakota.

Denton Record-Chronicle - The Denton Record-Chronicle is the official newspaper for the city of Denton, Texas and Denton County since 1899.

Alachua County School District - Alachua County School District (SBAC, School Board of Alachua County) is a public school district serving Alachua County, Florida, and the Gainesville Area. The district currently has a student population of 29,533.

Alachua County, Florida - Alachua County is a county located in the U.S.



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